Instructions for Judging Differences in Utility for Gains and Losses


In this part, you are asked to judge DIFFERENCES between experiences of winning and losing different amounts of money.

Again, imagine that you play a game in which you might win or lose different amounts of money. The possible outcomes are:

LOSE $100, LOSE $80, LOSE $60, LOSE $40, LOSE $20, BREAK EVEN $0, WIN $10, WIN $20, WIN $30, WIN $40, WIN $50

We ask you now to judge DIFFERENCES in utility between these different experiences. For example, is the subjective difference between breaking even ($0) and winning $40 the same as the difference between breaking even ($0) and losing $40?

To mark your judgments, you will click along a line to show which experience is better and by how much. If you prefer the outcome on the left, click to the left of the midpoint on the scale, and if you prefer the outcome on the right, click to the right. Then, place your mark on the line to show the strength of the difference. Click farther to the right for greater differences favoring the outcome on the right and farther to the left for the greater differences favoring the left.

Example W1 illustrates the biggest difference favoring the right: LOSE $100 versus WIN $50. You should mark farthest to the right on the line because this is the biggest difference in this study.

W1.
 
 
LOSE $100
 
versus
 
WIN $50
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



Example W2 illustrates the biggest difference in the other direction: WIN $50 versus LOSE $100. In this case, you should click farthest to the left on the line. W2.
 
 
WIN $50
 
versus
 
LOSE $100
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



Example W3 illustrates a case where there is NO DIFFERENCE: WIN $50 versus WIN $50. In this case, you should just leave the mark at the center of the line or drag it to the center if it was not there already. There is no difference because the two outcomes are the same.

W3.
 
 
WIN $50
 
versus
 
WIN $50
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



Examples W1, W2, and W3 illustrate cases where there are "right" answers, but Example 4 asks you to think: BREAK EVEN $0 versus WIN $40. In this case, your mark will be to the right of the midpoint, but you must judge how far. Imagine how you would feel to Break even, then imagine how you would feel to win $40. What proportion of the biggest difference is this subjective difference? Click that proportion along the line, comparing this difference to the biggest difference. These judgments will get easier as you work through the task.

W4.
 
 
BREAK EVEN $0
 
versus
 
WIN $40
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



Example W5 compares LOSE $40 versus BREAK EVEN $0. How much would you prefer to Break Even than to Lose $40? Again, your mark will be on the right of the midpoint, but is this difference bigger or smaller than the one in W4? You judge that and let us know by marking along the line.

W5.
 
 
LOSE $40
 
versus
 
BREAK EVEN $0
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



Example W6 compares WIN $40 versus LOSE $40. The left side is better and this is a bigger difference than either W4 or W5, but how much bigger?

W6.
 
 
WIN $40
 
versus
 
LOSE $40
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



W7.
 
 
LOSE $50
 
versus
 
LOSE $100
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



W8.
 
 
WIN $10
 
versus
 
WIN $50
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



W9.
 
 
LOSE $50
 
versus
 
LOSE $10
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



Please re-read the instructions then continue. The next section will take about 20 to 25 minutes.


1.
 
 
LOSE $40
 
versus
 
LOSE $100
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



2.
 
 
LOSE $100
 
versus
 
BREAK EVEN $0
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



3.
 
 
LOSE $20
 
versus
 
LOSE $80
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



4.
 
 
LOSE $60
 
versus
 
LOSE $20
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



5.
 
 
LOSE $40
 
versus
 
WIN $40
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



6.
 
 
LOSE $100
 
versus
 
LOSE $60
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



7.
 
 
WIN $40
 
versus
 
LOSE $60
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



8.
 
 
WIN $20
 
versus
 
WIN $40
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



9.
 
 
WIN $30
 
versus
 
WIN $30
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



10.
 
 
WIN $10
 
versus
 
WIN $40
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



11.
 
 
LOSE $60
 
versus
 
LOSE $80
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



12.
 
 
LOSE $80
 
versus
 
LOSE $60
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



13.
 
 
WIN $40
 
versus
 
LOSE $80
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



14.
 
 
LOSE $80
 
versus
 
LOSE $100
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



15.
 
 
LOSE $100
 
versus
 
LOSE $80
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



16.
 
 
LOSE $100
 
versus
 
WIN $20
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



17.
 
 
LOSE $40
 
versus
 
LOSE $60
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



18.
 
 
LOSE $80
 
versus
 
LOSE $40
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



19.
 
 
LOSE $80
 
versus
 
WIN $40
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



20.
 
 
WIN $20
 
versus
 
WIN $30
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



21.
 
 
WIN $40
 
versus
 
WIN $30
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



22.
 
 
LOSE $20
 
versus
 
WIN $30
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



23.
 
 
WIN $40
 
versus
 
LOSE $20
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



24.
 
 
LOSE $60
 
versus
 
WIN $20
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



25.
 
 
WIN $10
 
versus
 
BREAK EVEN $0
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



26.
 
 
WIN $20
 
versus
 
WIN $20
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



27.
 
 
LOSE $20
 
versus
 
BREAK EVEN $0
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



28.
 
 
BREAK EVEN $0
 
versus
 
LOSE $60
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



29.
 
 
WIN $40
 
versus
 
WIN $50
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



30.
 
 
WIN $20
 
versus
 
LOSE $40
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



31.
 
 
WIN $50
 
versus
 
LOSE $100
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



32.
 
 
WIN $30
 
versus
 
BREAK EVEN $0
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



33.
 
 
LOSE $20
 
versus
 
LOSE $40
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



34.
 
 
WIN $50
 
versus
 
LOSE $40
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



35.
 
 
WIN $30
 
versus
 
LOSE $20
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



36.
 
 
LOSE $60
 
versus
 
WIN $30
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



37.
 
 
LOSE $80
 
versus
 
WIN $50
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



38.
 
 
BREAK EVEN $0
 
versus
 
LOSE $40
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



39.
 
 
LOSE $60
 
versus
 
WIN $50
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



40.
 
 
WIN $30
 
versus
 
LOSE $80
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



41.
 
 
WIN $10
 
versus
 
LOSE $60
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



42.
 
 
WIN $50
 
versus
 
LOSE $80
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



43.
 
 
LOSE $40
 
versus
 
WIN $30
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



44.
 
 
WIN $40
 
versus
 
WIN $20
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



45.
 
 
LOSE $100
 
versus
 
WIN $30
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



46.
 
 
WIN $10
 
versus
 
LOSE $20
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



47.
 
 
LOSE $20
 
versus
 
LOSE $100
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



48.
 
 
WIN $10
 
versus
 
WIN $10
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



49.
 
 
LOSE $20
 
versus
 
LOSE $20
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



50.
 
 
LOSE $60
 
versus
 
WIN $40
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



51.
 
 
LOSE $80
 
versus
 
BREAK EVEN $0
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



52.
 
 
WIN $50
 
versus
 
WIN $20
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



53.
 
 
LOSE $20
 
versus
 
LOSE $60
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



54.
 
 
LOSE $20
 
versus
 
WIN $10
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



55.
 
 
WIN $10
 
versus
 
LOSE $40
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



56.
 
 
WIN $50
 
versus
 
WIN $40
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



57.
 
 
WIN $20
 
versus
 
BREAK EVEN $0
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



58.
 
 
LOSE $80
 
versus
 
WIN $30
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



59.
 
 
LOSE $40
 
versus
 
WIN $10
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



60.
 
 
WIN $40
 
versus
 
LOSE $40
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



61.
 
 
LOSE $40
 
versus
 
LOSE $80
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



62.
 
 
BREAK EVEN $0
 
versus
 
WIN $50
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



63.
 
 
WIN $30
 
versus
 
LOSE $60
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



64.
 
 
WIN $20
 
versus
 
WIN $50
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



65.
 
 
LOSE $20
 
versus
 
WIN $50
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



66.
 
 
LOSE $40
 
versus
 
LOSE $40
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



67.
 
 
WIN $40
 
versus
 
WIN $10
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



68.
 
 
BREAK EVEN $0
 
versus
 
LOSE $80
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



69.
 
 
BREAK EVEN $0
 
versus
 
WIN $10
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



70.
 
 
BREAK EVEN $0
 
versus
 
WIN $20
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



71.
 
 
BREAK EVEN $0
 
versus
 
LOSE $20
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



72.
 
 
WIN $20
 
versus
 
LOSE $80
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



73.
 
 
WIN $20
 
versus
 
LOSE $20
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



74.
 
 
WIN $10
 
versus
 
WIN $20
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



75.
 
 
LOSE $40
 
versus
 
LOSE $20
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



76.
 
 
LOSE $100
 
versus
 
WIN $40
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



77.
 
 
LOSE $20
 
versus
 
WIN $40
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



78.
 
 
LOSE $60
 
versus
 
WIN $10
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



79.
 
 
LOSE $100
 
versus
 
WIN $50
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



80.
 
 
LOSE $100
 
versus
 
LOSE $20
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



81.
 
 
BREAK EVEN $0
 
versus
 
WIN $40
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



82.
 
 
LOSE $100
 
versus
 
LOSE $100
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



83.
 
 
WIN $20
 
versus
 
LOSE $60
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



84.
 
 
WIN $50
 
versus
 
WIN $50
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



85.
 
 
WIN $10
 
versus
 
WIN $30
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



86.
 
 
LOSE $40
 
versus
 
WIN $50
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



87.
 
 
LOSE $80
 
versus
 
WIN $10
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



88.
 
 
WIN $30
 
versus
 
WIN $40
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



89.
 
 
WIN $30
 
versus
 
WIN $20
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



90.
 
 
BREAK EVEN $0
 
versus
 
BREAK EVEN $0
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



91.
 
 
WIN $50
 
versus
 
WIN $10
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



92.
 
 
WIN $10
 
versus
 
WIN $50
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



93.
 
 
WIN $40
 
versus
 
LOSE $100
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



94.
 
 
LOSE $60
 
versus
 
LOSE $60
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



95.
 
 
WIN $50
 
versus
 
WIN $30
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



96.
 
 
WIN $20
 
versus
 
LOSE $100
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



97.
 
 
BREAK EVEN $0
 
versus
 
LOSE $100
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



98.
 
 
LOSE $40
 
versus
 
BREAK EVEN $0
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



99.
 
 
WIN $50
 
versus
 
LOSE $60
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



100.
 
 
LOSE $40
 
versus
 
WIN $20
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



101.
 
 
WIN $10
 
versus
 
LOSE $100
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



102.
 
 
LOSE $100
 
versus
 
LOSE $40
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



103.
 
 
WIN $10
 
versus
 
LOSE $80
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



104.
 
 
WIN $30
 
versus
 
WIN $10
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



105.
 
 
WIN $30
 
versus
 
WIN $50
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



106.
 
 
LOSE $60
 
versus
 
BREAK EVEN $0
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



107.
 
 
LOSE $60
 
versus
 
LOSE $100
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



108.
 
 
LOSE $80
 
versus
 
LOSE $80
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



109.
 
 
WIN $40
 
versus
 
BREAK EVEN $0
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



110.
 
 
WIN $40
 
versus
 
WIN $40
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



111.
 
 
LOSE $80
 
versus
 
LOSE $20
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



112.
 
 
LOSE $60
 
versus
 
LOSE $40
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



113.
 
 
WIN $30
 
versus
 
LOSE $100
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



114.
 
 
LOSE $80
 
versus
 
WIN $20
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



115.
 
 
WIN $50
 
versus
 
BREAK EVEN $0
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



116.
 
 
WIN $30
 
versus
 
LOSE $40
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



117.
 
 
LOSE $100
 
versus
 
WIN $10
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



118.
 
 
WIN $50
 
versus
 
LOSE $20
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



119.
 
 
WIN $20
 
versus
 
WIN $10
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



120.
 
 
LOSE $20
 
versus
 
WIN $20
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly



121.
 
 
BREAK EVEN $0
 
versus
 
WIN $30
 
 
 
Prefer Left Side Strongly
Prefer Right Side Strongly




122. What is your age? years.
123. Gender: Are you Male or Female?
Female
Male

124. How many years of Education have you completed? Put 12 for High School Diploma
Put 16 for college diploma (bachelor's degree).
put 20 for doctorate degree (Ph.D., M.D., etc).
Education:
125. Nationality (nation of birth, e.g., USA, UK, China):

Students who wish credit in SONA Account, please complete the following items; they are used only for the purpose of giving credit toward the requirement.

126. LAST NAME:

127. FIRST NAME:

128. Last 4 DIGITS of CWID (Campus ID):

129. Email (Campus Email):

130. COMMENTS:

131. Please scroll back and check your answers, making sure you have filled in everything correctly.
After checking, is everything correct and complete? If so, type YES here:


When you have finished and checked your work, push the button below.

Thank You!